Nepal at Glance

Nepal at a Glance

Area of Nepal

Nepal covers an area of 147,181 sq km. Despite its small size, the country boasts a wide variety of landscapes, from the towering peaks of the Himalayas to the lowlands of the Terai.

Geography

Nepal is a landlocked country situated between two major giants: China to the north and India to the south, east, and west. The country’s highest point is Mt. Everest (8,848 meters), the tallest mountain in the world, while its lowest point is Kechana in Jhapa District at just 60 meters above sea level.

Capital City: Kathmandu

Kathmandu, the capital of Nepal, is a bustling city located at an altitude of 4,500 feet above sea level. This vibrant city is nestled in the Kathmandu Valley, which is surrounded by four prominent hills: Fulchowki, Chandragiri, Shivapuri, and Nagarjuna. Kathmandu Valley is also home to three major cities: Kathmandu, Bhaktapur, and Patan. The valley is known for its rich culture, history, and architectural heritage, with seven UNESCO World Heritage Sites spread across the area.

Population

Nepal has a population of around 29.3 million people, according to the 2017 census. The country’s population is diverse, consisting of various ethnicities, languages, and cultures.

Language

Nepali is the national language of Nepal, widely spoken by the population. However, there are numerous other local languages such as Newari, Bhojpuri, and Maithili, reflecting the country’s multicultural and multilingual nature. In urban areas, many people understand English quite well, especially in tourist spots.

Climate

Nepal experiences four distinct seasons:

Winter (December to February) – Cold and dry.

Spring (March to May) – Mild and warm, the best time for trekking.

Summer (June to August) – Monsoon season, with heavy rainfall.

Autumn (September to November) – Clear skies and moderate temperatures, ideal for outdoor activities.

Nepal is a year-round destination, but the best times for trekking and outdoor adventures are spring and autumn.

Political System

Nepal is a Federal Democratic Republic, with a parliamentary system. The country has undergone significant political changes in recent years, transitioning from a monarchy to a republic in 2008.

People and Religion

Nepal is a country rich in cultural diversity, home to more than 105 ethnic groups. The people of Nepal follow a variety of religions, with Hinduism being the most practiced religion, followed by Buddhism, Christianity, and Islam. Despite this diversity, there is a strong sense of religious harmony among the different communities.

Administrative Division

Nepal is divided into seven provinces, but the detailed divisions into development regions, zones, and districts are still under development. The country is currently divided into:

Five development regions

Fourteen zones

Seventy-five districts

Geographical Division

Nepal can be broadly classified into three geographical regions:

Hills: This includes areas such as the Kathmandu Valley and the famous trekking regions like the Annapurna and Langtang ranges.

Mountains: This is where the Himalayas are located, including iconic peaks like Mt. Everest.

Tarai: The lowland regions bordering India, featuring the country’s fertile plains and national parks like Chitwan and Bardia.

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